Investigating the reaction of rose cut flowers to the application of biofertilizers in hydroponic cultivation conditions

Rose (Rosa hybrida) is of particular importance due to its beauty, variety of colors, and long flowering period. In order to study the response of rose cuttings to the application of biofertilizers, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in a Dutch rose hydroponic greenhouse in the Alandasht Garden of Astan Quds Razavi (Mashhad) in 2009-2010. The first factor included six rose varieties (varieties Red ferover, Classic cezaanna, Rock feller, Rimini, Maroussia and Orange juice) and the second factor at four levels included three types of biological fertilizers (Biofarm, Nitrazin and Nitroxin) and the control treatment (without inoculation). In this experiment, the characteristics of leaf area, number of nodes, number of branches, early flowering, life of flower plant location and percentage of nitrogen, potassium and calcium in the leaf were measured for each treatment and their means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that the main effect of cultivar and the interaction effect of cultivar and fertilizer treatment on the parameters of node number, branch number, flowering earlyness, flower life, leaf area, and nitrogen, potassium, and calcium concentrations in leaves were significant at the 5% level. Also, the net effect of fertilizer treatments on the concentration of nutrients in leaves and leaf area was significant at the 5% level. The highest concentration of nutrients studied was observed in the Red ferover cultivar. The interaction effect of cultivar and fertilizer treatments showed that in the Red ferover, Classic cezaanna, and Maroussia cultivars, inoculation treatments increased the nitrogen concentration in leaves compared to the control without inoculation. Biopharm and Nitroxin fertilizer treatments in the Red ferover and Rimini cultivars increased the calcium concentration in leaves compared to the control, which was significant at the 5% level. Nitrazin and nitroxin fertilizer treatments in the Rock feller cultivar caused a significant decrease in calcium concentration in plant tissue compared to the control treatment.